可调冲程齿条式抽油机设计与分析
张皓坤
（西安石油大学 机械工程学院，陕西 西安 710065）
摘要：齿轮齿条式抽油机具有高效节能、功耗小、结构紧凑等优点，但选用可换向的电机或直线电机成本较高且稳定性差。通过采用行程开关对齿条上安装的限位块进行控制，来实现电机的正反转，完成换向的目的。这样能提高系统的稳定性，节约成本，且维修起来较方便。通过这种换向方式，只需根据抽油机冲程的不同，改变行程开关的安装位置，以满足不同冲程的需求。对电机实现连续正、反转的电路图进行设计分析，对整套抽油系统进行虚拟装配，并说明通过改变行程开关的安装位置改变冲程的方法。
关键词：齿条式抽油机；行程开关；冲程；节能
中图分类号：TE933 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2016.04.003
文章编号：1006－0316 (2016) 04－0009－03
Design and analysis of adjustable stroke rack type pumping unit
ZHANG Haokun
( School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China )
Abstract：The pumping unit of rack and pinion has the advantages of high efficiency, energy saving, small power consumption, compact structure, and so on. But it causes high cost and poor stability when choosing the reversible motor or linear motor. In this paper, we use the travel switch to control the limit block installed on the rack to achieve the positive inversion of the motor and the purpose of the reverse. This can improve the stability of the system, save cost, convenient maintenance. By this commutation mode we only need to change the installation position of the stroke switch according to the different stroke of the pumping unit, and then meet the needs of different stroke. In this paper, we design and analyze the circuit diagram of the continuously positive inversion of the motor, and assemble virtually of the whole pumping system, and finally explain the method of changing the stroke of the installation position of the stroke switch.
Key words：rack type pumping unit；travel switch；stroke；energy saving
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收稿日期：2015－11－16
作者简介：张皓坤（1992－），男，上海人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为石油钻采自动化理论和智能石油装备。
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