基于ANSYS的桌面数控车床静刚度分析及结构优化
李治勇，汤卿*，覃琴，姚进
（四川大学 制造科学与工程学院，四川 成都 610065）
摘要：为了适应社会的需求，桌面数控车床逐渐进入人们的视野当中，由于其轻便、高效、低成本、占用资源少等特点，被人们广泛关注。但尺寸小带来的问题是刚性不好，从而导致加工精度较低。对自主设计的Ⅰ型桌面数控车床采用有限元法在考虑接合面刚度下进行建模以及静刚度仿真分析，分别得到了桌面车床在X、Y、Z方向上的变形数据，并根据仿真结果对其结构提出了一些优化建议，最后设计出质量轻、刚性好的Ⅱ型桌面数控车床，经数据结果对比，整体上质量减轻了5.1%，X、Y、Z方向上静刚度分别提高了19.47%、24.97%和12.12%，验证了所进行结构优化的合理性。
关键词：有限元；桌面数控车床；静刚度；结构优化
中图分类号：O242.21 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2018.08.001
文章编号：1006－0316 (2018) 08－0001－06
Static Stiffness Analysis and Structure Optimization of Desktop CNC Lathe Based on ANSYS
LI Zhiyong，TANG Qing，QING Qin，YAO Jin
( College of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065 , China )
Abstract：There is currently a growing interest in the application of desktop CNC. . Due to their features of lightweight, high efficiency, low cost and less resource consumption, they have attracted wide attention. However, the problem of lowprocessing accuracy emerges as the result of poor rigidity,whichusually accompanied with small size. The paper developed a model ofthe self-designed I-type desktop CNC lathe in finite element method and analyzed the static stiffness simulation, taking joint stiffness into consideration.. The deformation data of the machine tool in the X, Y, and Z directions are obtained respectively.According to the simulation, some optimization suggestions are put forward for its structure. Finally, a lightweight, rigid II-type lathe is designed. The static stiffness of the model is also simulated and analyzed. Compared with the data, the overall weightis reduced by 5.1%. The static stiffness increased by 19.47%, 24.97% and 12.12% respectively in the X, Y, and Z directions, which validate the structural optimization method.
Key words：finite element；desktop CNC lathe；static stiffness；structure optimization
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收稿日期：2018－05－03
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（61503265）
作者简介：李治勇（1993－），男，重庆垫江人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为桌面数控机床设计。*通讯作者：汤卿（1982－），男，湖南岳阳人，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为数控机床误差分析及机器人控制理论。
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