基于尺寸和拓扑优化的超大型压铸机压射支撑结构设计
毛璐瑶1，梁澜之1，陈浩1，吴智恒1，冯永胜2
（1.广东省智能制造研究所，广东 广州 510070；2.广东伊之密精密机械股份有限公司，广东 顺德 528306）
摘要：DM4500压铸机由于上拉杆安装位置偏心，在压射力的作用下三根拉杆的伸长量不同，将导致冲头与压射室因不同轴而快速磨损。利用尺寸优化和拓扑优化技术对压铸机拉杆和企板开展优化设计。首先建立了压射机构的有限元模型，对不同工况下的压射机构进行静力学分析，然后以三根拉杆伸长量差异的最大值作为约束条件，对其进行尺寸优化。在尺寸优化的基础上利用拓扑优化技术对企板进行了轻量化设计，根据拓扑优化的密度云图结果重新设计了企板的结构。再对新的结构进行尺寸优化，获得满足要求的结构优化方案。结果表明，仅进行尺寸优化虽然能够满足设计要求，但是会增重26.3%。采用尺寸优化和拓扑优化相结合的方案获得的结构能够满足设计要求，同时较原始设计减重3.7%。
关键词：压铸机；企板；拉杆；尺寸优化；拓扑优化
中图分类号：TD403 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2019.06.009
文章编号：1006－0316 (2019) 06－0042－08
Optimization Design of Injection Support Structure for Super Large Die Casting Machine Based on Size and Topology Optimization
MAO Luyao1，LIANG Lanzhi1，CHEN Hao1，WU Zhiheng1，FENG Yongsheng2
( 1.Guangdong Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing, Guangzhou 510070, China;2.Guangdong Yizumi Precision Machinery Co., Ltd, Shunde 528306, China )
Abstract：Due to the eccentricity of the mounting position of the pull-up bar, the DM4500 has different elongations of the three tie rods under the action of the injection force, which will cause the punch and the injection chamber to wear rapidly due to different axes. The optimization design of the die-casting machine tie rod and the enterprise board is carried out by using the size optimization and topology optimization. Firstly, the finite element model of the injection mechanism is established. The static analysis of the injection mechanism under different working conditions is carried out, and then the maximum value of the difference of the elongation of the three tie rods is taken as the constraint condition to optimize the size. On the basis of size optimization, the topology optimization technology is used to lightly design the enterprise board, and the structure of the enterprise board is redesigned according to the topology optimization density cloud image result. The new structure is then sized to obtain a structural optimization solution that meets the requirements. The results show that only the size optimization can meet the design requirements, but will increase the weight by 26.3%. The structure obtained by the combination of size optimization and topology optimization can meet the design requirements, and the weight loss is 3.7% compared with the original design.
Key words：die casting machine；board；pull rod；size optimization；topology optimization
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收稿日期：2018－12－24
基金项目：广东省科技计划资助项目（2014B070705007、2015B010111001、2016B090926003、2017A040405041、2018A050506011）；广东省科学院支持地方重点企业核心技术创新专项（2019GDASYL-0501012）。
作者简介：毛璐瑶（1990－），男，江西鹰潭人，硕士，工程师，主要研究方向为工业装备力学分析及结构优化。
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