坡道长度对货车制动热负荷的影响
张宗威
（西南交通大学 机械工程学院，四川 成都 610031）
摘要：川藏铁路特殊的地形、地势造成沿线坡道长度顺势延展，坡道长度增加将导致货运列车匀速下坡制动工况更加恶劣。采用ANSYS有限元软件建立货车新轮三维有限元模型，针对坡道长度10～20 km连续延展的不同坡长工况，进行货运列车匀速下坡制动热负荷分析，采用间接耦合法计算车轮热应力场。仿真结果得出新轮在不同坡长条件下温度云图、热应力云图以及最高温度与最大热应力时间历程曲线，体现坡道长度增加对最高温度和最大热应力均有提高作用，但增幅逐渐减小；同时，对比车轮辐板圆角径向热应力可知，辐板疲劳裂纹易发生于轮辋与辐板过渡内圆角。
关键词：川藏铁路；踏面制动；温度场；热应力
中图分类号：R852.51；U463.53 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2020.01.009
文章编号：1006－0316 (2020) 01－0051－06
Effect of Slope Length on Braking Thermal Load of Freight Cars
ZHANG Zongwei
( School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China )
Abstract：The special topography and terrain of Sichuan-Tibet Railway cause the length of the ramp to extend along the line. Increasing the length of the ramp will lead to worse braking conditions for freight trains at uniform downhill speed. A three-dimensional finite element model of freight train new wheel is established by ANSYS finite element software. The thermal load of freight train braking at uniform downhill speed is analyzed under different slope lengths with continuous extension of ramp lengths ranging from 10 km to 20 km. The thermal stress field of wheel is calculated by indirect coupling method. The simulation results show the temperature cloud, the thermal stress cloud, and the time history curves of maximum temperature and maximum thermal stress of the new wheel under different slope lengths. It shows that the increase of slope lengths increases the maximum temperature and maximum thermal stress, but the effect decreases gradually. At the same time, by comparing the radial thermal stress of the wheel spoke, we find that the fatigue crack of the plate is prone to occur in the transition corner between rims and spoke plate.
Key words：Sichuan-Tibet railway；tread braking；temperature field；thermal stress
———————————————
收稿日期：2019－08－06
作者简介：张宗威（1994－），男，山东枣庄人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为轮轨关系。
设为首页 | 加入收藏 | 免责条款
《机械》杂志版权所有 Copyright©2008-2012 Jixiezazhi.com All Rights Reserved
电话：028-85925070 传真：028-85925073 E-mail：jixie@vip.163.com
地址：四川省成都锦江工业开发区墨香路48号 邮编：610063
Powered by PageAdmin CMS