汽车传动轴轴颈断裂分析与优化
范景峰1，梅二召1，董振波2
（1.河南应用技术职业学院 机电工程学院，河南 郑州 450042；2.郑州大学 材料科学与工程学院，河南 郑州 450001）
摘要：针对某汽车在试车过程中传动轴中十字轴断裂失效，通过对十字轴的轴颈断裂处进行失效分析、运动分析、试验分析、理论分析、有限元分析等，研究十字轴断裂失效的原因。根据实际工作状态，试验分析得出十字轴的平均寿命，通过运动分析、理论分析和有限元分析确定了十字轴发生断裂失效的原因，得出十字轴轴颈处应力云图规律。十字轴轴颈根部处采用椭圆形曲线、三次样条曲线、圆弧蜕变过渡曲线、双曲线时，轴颈根部处的最大弯曲应力均比采用单圆弧曲线时要小。结果表明：十字轴发生断裂的主要原因之一是十字轴轴颈处发生了应力集中现象。分析结果为十字轴生产与加工提供参考依据。
关键词：万向节十字轴；失效分析；SolidWorks Simulation；仿真分析
中图分类号：TH133.4 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2020.07.002
文章编号：1006－0316 (2020) 07－0007－08
Fracture Analysis and Optimization of Axle Journal of Automobile Transmission Shaft
FAN Jingfeng1，MEI Erzhao1，DONG Zhenbo2
( 1.School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Vocational College of Applied Technology, Zhengzhou 450042, China; 2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China )
Abstract：This paper studies the causes of fracture failure of the joint cross in the drive shaft of a car during the test run through failure analysis, motion analysis, experimental analysis, theoretical analysis and finite element analysis of the fracture of the joint cross spindle journal. According to the actual working state, the average life span of the joint cross is obtained through the experimental analysis, and the causes of the failure of the joint cross were obtained through motion analysis, theoretical analysis and finite element analysis. The law of the stress cloud at the joint cross journal is concluded. The maximum bending stress at root of universal joint cross spindle with elliptic curve, cubic spline curve, arc transformation transition curve and hyperbolic design is smaller than that with single arc curve. The results show that one of the main causes for the fracture of the universal joint cross spindle is the stress concentration at the axle journal. The analysis results provide a reference for the production and processing of universal joint cross spindle.
Key words：universal joint cross spindle；failure analysis；SolidWorks Simulation；simulation analysis
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收稿日期：2019－12－20
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（51203578）；校级科研项目（2019B-KJ-14）
作者简介：范景峰（1988－），男，河南郑州人，硕士研究生，助教，主要研究方向为机械设计制造、机电一体化技术、抗疲劳设计、先进制造技术，E-mail：1147772916@qq.com。
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