重载铁路轮轨摩擦改进剂作用效果仿真研究
韩佩原1，王聪1,4，陈帅2，吴磊3，王衡禹*,1
（1.西南交通大学 牵引动力国家重点实验室，四川 成都 610031；2.西南交通大学 土木工程学院，四川 成都 610031；3.西南交通大学 机械工程学院，四川 成都 610031；4.中国铁路投资有限公司，北京 100097）
摘要：建立了某重载货车的车辆－轨道系统动力学模型，仿真分析了在轨侧涂油、轨顶涂摩擦改进剂和全面摩擦控制三种摩擦控制模式下车辆通过具有标准廓形和磨耗后廓形钢轨的曲线时的动力学性能和磨耗特性。研究结果表明，只对高轨轨侧进行润滑会使车辆通过小半径曲线的脱轨系数和横向力增大，而对两侧轨顶进行摩擦控制可以减小脱轨系数和横向力，摩擦改进剂对改善车辆在磨耗轨曲线通过性能的作用效果好于标准轨。不同摩擦控制模式下轮轨横向力的变化主要由不同摩擦控制模式对横向蠕滑力和法向力横向分量的影响程度不同引起，磨耗轨的横向力组成成分的变化比标准轨更明显。三种不同的摩擦控制模式都可以减小高轨磨耗指数，其中全面摩擦控制的效果最好，且对磨耗轨的减小效果好于标准轨。只对高轨轨侧涂油会使磨耗轨的低轨磨耗指数略有增大，而无论是否采取高轨轨侧涂油，两侧轨顶涂敷摩擦改进剂能明显减小低轨磨耗指数，且对标准轨的减小效果好于磨耗轨。
关键词：重载铁路；钢轨磨耗；摩擦改进剂；车辆动力学
中图分类号：U272 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2021.09.007
文章编号：1006-0316 (2021) 09-0044-06
Simulation Study on the Effects of Friction Modifier on Wheel-Rail of Heavy Haul Railway
HAN Peiyuan1，WANG Cong1,4，CHEN Shuai2，WU Lei3，WANG Hengyu1
( 1.State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; 2.School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; 3.School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; 4.China Railway Investment Co., Ltd., Beijing 100097, China )
Abstract：A dynamic model of vehicle-track system is established for heavy haul freight vehicle. Based on the established model, vehicle dynamic performance and wheel-rail wear characteristics was simulated when the vehicle is running on standard new rails and worn rails under three friction management modes, which include rail gauge face lubrication, top-of-rail friction modification, and comprehensive friction management. The results show that derailment coefficient and wheel-rail lateral force increases with gauge face lubrication, but drops with top-of-rail friction modification. The effect of friction management is larger on worn rails than on standard new rails. The change of wheel rail lateral force is mainly due to the change in the lateral creep force and the lateral part of wheel-rail contact force. The changes are more significant on worn rails than on new rails. Wear coefficient on high rail decreases under all three friction management modes and the comprehensive friction management has the best effects. The wear coefficient of high rail drops more on worn rails than on new rails. Gauge face lubrication on high rail slightly increases wear coefficient of low rail on worn rails. Whether gauge face lubrication is turned on or not, applying friction modifier on rail top will significantly decrease wear coefficient of low rail with a better effect found on new rails.
Key words：heavy haul railway；wheel-rail wear；friction modifier；vehicle dynamics
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收稿日期：2021-01-18
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（51775454）；四川省区域创新合作项目（2020YFQ0024）
作者简介：韩佩原（1994－），男，山东临沂人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为轮轨关系，E-mail：hanhanpeiyuan@163.com。*通讯作者：王衡禹（1979－），男，四川成都人，博士，副研究员、硕士生导师，主要研究方向为轮轨关系，E-mail：hengyu.wang@foxmail.com。
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