TBM的刀具改性与辅助破岩技术研究现状
聂佳辉，吴志鑫，雷磊，郑靖*，周仲荣
（西南交通大学 材料先进技术教育部重点实验室 摩擦学研究所，四川 成都 610031）
摘要：硬岩掘进机（TBM）主要依赖滚刀－岩石界面的滚压作用进行隧道掘进作业，滚刀刀圈磨损严重、更换频繁，严重影响TBM掘进效率。本文介绍了TBM滚刀破岩原理与典型失效形式；从滚刀材料改性和结构优化角度归纳总结了TBM刀具改性的研究现状，指出单纯的滚刀改性优化对TBM掘进效率的提升作用有限；进而介绍了水射流、超声、激光和微波等外加物理场辅助破岩技术的研究进展；最后，从岩石力学性能化学弱化角度探讨了辅助破岩技术的新思路。
关键词：TBM刀具；磨损；破岩效率；刀具改性；辅助破岩
中图分类号：TH117.1 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2021.12.001
文章编号：1006-0316 (2021) 12-0001-11
Review on the Modification and Assistant Rock Breaking Techniques of TBM Cutters
NIE Jiahui，WU Zhixin，LEI Lei，ZHENG Jing，ZHOU Zhongrong
( Tribology Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China )
Abstract：The tunneling excavation of tunnel boring machines (TBM) mainly relies on the rolling and penetration actions of cutters on rock surface. Due to high hardness and abrasiveness of rock material, serious wear and frequent replacement of cutter rings leads to low efficiency of tunneling. In this paper, main rock breaking mechanisms and typical failure modes of TBM cutters, as well as the modification of cutter material and structure were reviewed and the limitations were pointed out. The research situation of assistant rock breaking techniques including water jet, ultrasound, laser, and microwave was also presented. Finally, a new idea of assistant rock breaking technology was discussed from the perspective of chemical weakening of rock mechanical properties.
Key words：TBM cutter；wear；rock breaking efficiency；modification of cutter；assistant rock breaking
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收稿日期：2021-05-06
基金项目：四川省国际科技创新合作/港澳台科技创新合作项目：基于天然牙表面拓扑结构的TBM刀具耐磨仿生设计研究（2020YFH0018）；中铁工程服务有限公司技术开发项目：盾构刀盘刀具评价体系及摩擦学优化设计（LR01HX1102Y19044）
作者简介：聂佳辉（1996－），男，湖北天门人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为仿生摩擦学，350065885@qq.com。*通讯作者：郑靖（1974－），女，河南南阳人，博士，研究员，主要研究方向为生物与仿生摩擦学，jzheng168@home.swjtu.edu.cn。
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