高速列车关键部位螺栓连接重复利用可行性研究
雷贯标1，李新魁1，赵岩1，孙凌燕1，李鹏1，赵跃1，李涛2，刘建华*,2
（1.中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 动车检修事业部技术装备处，河北 唐山 063035；2.西南交通大学 材料科学与工程学院，四川 成都 610031）
摘要：选取已服役240万公里的某动车车下halfen螺栓进行损伤分析和螺栓连接振动试验，研究螺纹表面试验前后的损伤程度及损伤机制。利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜进一步探讨螺栓工作螺纹的损伤机理，并分析其机械性能。结果表明，螺栓第一圈工作螺纹表面微动磨损最为严重，主要磨损机制为疲劳磨损，并伴随粘着磨损；随着螺纹圈数的增加，表面损伤呈减轻趋势；振动试验后，螺纹表面损伤程度加剧，螺纹的剖面存在微裂纹，并沿次表面方向扩展，未发现沿内部扩展的微裂纹。
关键词：halfen螺栓；微观损伤分析；微动磨损；损伤机理
中图分类号：U213.5+2 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2021.12.009
文章编号：1006-0316 (2021) 12-0061-07
Reuse Feasibility Analysis of Key Bolted Connections of High-Speed Train
LEI Guanbiao1，LI Xinkui1，ZHAO Yan1，SUN Lingyan1，LI Peng1，ZHAO Yue1，LI Tao2，LIU Jianhua2
( 1.Technology Equipment Division of EMU Maintenance, CRRC Tangshan Co., Ltd., Tangshan 063035, China; 2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China )
Abstract：In order to study the damage degree and wear mechanisms before and after vibration tests, the Halfen bolts of a high-speed train with a mileage of 2.4 million kilometers are selected for damage analysis and loosening test. The optical microscope (OM) and the scanning electron microscope (SEM)are used to further study the damage mechanisms of bolt threads, and the mechanical properties of bolts are analyzed. The results show that the fretting wear of the first thread is the most serious and the main wear mechanism is fatigue wear, accompanied by adhesive wear. With the increase of the number of the threads, the surface damage gets slight. After the vibration test, the damage degree of thread surfaces increases, and the micro-cracks are found on the profile of the thread and grow along the sub-surface direction, and the micro-cracks that grow along the internal direction are not found on the thread profile.
Key words：Halfen bolts；micro-damage analysis；fretting wear；damage mechanism
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收稿日期：2021-03-02
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（51705434，52075460）；四川省重点研发项目（2019YFG0290）
作者简介：雷贯标（1983－），男，河北唐山人，硕士，工程师，主要从事轨道车辆调试检修技术工作，E-mail：leiguanbiao@tangche.com。*通讯作者：刘建华（1987－），男，四川成都人，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为机械连接设计，E-mail：jianhua-liu@swjtu.edu.cn。
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