基于SIMPACK的大功率机车车轮踏面损伤预测
邹强1,2，江波1,2，张华3，王延朋3，吴斯4
（1.马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 技术中心，安徽 马鞍山 243000；2.轨道交通关键零部件先进制造技术国家地方联合工程研究中心，安徽 马鞍山 243000；3.牵引动力国家重点实验室 摩擦学研究所，四川 成都 610031；4.中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司 金属及化学研究所，北京 100081）
摘要：基于多体动力学SIMPACK软件建立HXD2C大功率机车模型，分析实测轮轨廓形匹配下车轮通过R400曲线段和R600曲线段时车轮所受蠕滑力大小及方向，并将结果代入安定图及损伤函数进行车轮踏面损伤预测。研究结果表明：机车通过R400曲线段时，车轮编号为3、5、9、11的内轨侧车轮纵向蠕滑力方向与车轮滚动方向相反，且车轮材料均处于棘轮效应区，易产生与蠕滑力合力方向垂直的斜裂纹。其中编号为3和9的车轮疲劳损伤值大于磨耗值，随着循环滚动的累积疲劳损伤会进一步加剧。同理，机车通过R600曲线段时，车轮编号为3、5、10、11、12的车轮踏面易产生与蠕滑力方向垂直的斜裂纹，其中以车轮5疲劳损伤最为严重。相较于R400曲线段，机车通过R600曲线段时外轨侧车轮10和12接触斑面积减小、磨耗减小、疲劳损伤值大于磨耗值是踏面存在轻微疲劳损伤的主要原因。
关键词：车轮踏面；动力学仿真；安定图；损伤预测
中图分类号：U463.34 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2022.05.006
文章编号：1006-0316 (2022) 05-0033-08
Research on Damage Prediction of Wheel Tread of High Power Locomotive Based on SIMPACK
ZOU Qiang1,2，JIANG Bo1,2，ZHANG Hua3，WANG Yanpeng3，WU Si4
( 1.Technology Center, Ma’anshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Ma’anshan 243000, China; 2.National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Pivotal Components of Rail Transit, Ma’anshan 243000, China; 3.Tribology Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Chengdu 610031, China; 4.Metals and Chemistry Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Beijing 100081, China )
Abstract：Based on the multi-body dynamics SIMPACK software, the HXD2C high-power locomotive model was established to analyze the magnitude and direction of the creep force on the wheels when the wheels passed through the R400 and the R600 curve lines with the measured wheel-rail profile matching, and the results were used to predict the wheel tread damage by using the shakedown map and damage function. The research results show that when the locomotive passes through the curve line of R400, the longitudinal creep force direction of the inner rail side wheels with the numbers of 3, 5, 9 and 11 is opposite to the rolling direction of the wheels, and the wheel materials are all in the ratcheting condition, so oblique cracks are tended to occur in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the combined creep force. Among them, the fatigue damage values of wheels numbered 3 and 9 are greater than the wear value, and the rolling contact fatigue damage will be further aggravated with the cumulative fatigue damage of cyclic rolling. Similarly, when the locomotive passes through the curve lines of R600, the tread of wheels numbered 3, 5, 10, 11 and 12 is prone to produce oblique cracks perpendicular to the direction of creep force, among which the fatigue damage of wheel 5 is the most serious. Compared with the curve line of R400, when the locomotive passes through the curve line of R600, the contact spot area and wear of the outer rail side wheel 10 and 12 decreases, and the fatigue damage value is greater than the wear value, which is the main reason for the slight fatigue damage of the tread.
Key words：wheel tread；dynamics simulation；shakedown map；damage prediction
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收稿日期：2021-07-08
基金项目：安徽省科技重大专项计划（201903a0520052）；中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划课题（J2019J004）
作者简介：邹强（1982－），男，安徽芜湖人，硕士，高级工程师，主要研究方向为轨道交通用车轮产品，E-mail：642396829@qq.com。
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