无约束自由弯曲的数值仿真分析及试验研究
韩兴丽，曹中清
（西南交通大学 机械工程学院，四川 成都 610031）
摘要：常温下的塑性弯曲及其他外力作用产生变形，弯曲变形由塑性变形和弹性变形两部分组成。当弯曲结束，外力去除后，塑性变形留存下来，而弹性变形则完全消失。采用有限元软件ANSYS/LS－DYNA和ETA－DYNAFORM对钢板圆形自由弯曲及其回弹过程进行了模拟分析。重点就中碳钢钢板圆形自由弯曲的成形特点和影响回弹的主要因素进行了研究，选取材料性能、板料厚度、凹模圆角半径、摩擦系数、冲程等五个因素作为研究对象，并通过试验对数值仿真结果进行了验证。通过分析可知，对薄板圆形自由弯曲回弹影响较大的参数为板料材料性能和厚度以及模具的圆角半径，而冲程、摩擦系数的影响较小。而且，当冲程略小于计算值时，弯曲件有较好的表面质量。
关键词：DYNAFORM；数值仿真；自由弯曲；回弹
中图分类号：TJ765.4+3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006－0316 (2013) 06－0021－06
Numerical simulation analysis and experimential research of springback under free bending
HAN Xing-li，CAO Zhong-qing
( College of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiao Tong University, Chengdu610031, China )
Abstract：Plastic bending under normal temperature and other plastic deformation under external force produces deformation, the total deformation includes two parts, the plastic deformation and the elastic deformation. When bending is over, the plastic deformation left after external force removing, and elastic deformation is completely disappear. The medium-carbon steel blank circle shape free bending and springback were simulated by using the FEM software ANSYS/LS-DYNA and ETA-DYNAFORM. Analysis focused in the shaping characteristic and springback of medium-carbon steel blanks circle shape free bending. According to the analysis, the factors affecting springback of medium-carbon steel blanks span of different materials property, sheet thickness, fillet radius of die, friction coefficient and stroke. Among them，materials property, sheet thickness and fillet radius of die have great influence, while stroke has little influence and the influence of friction coefficient on the springback can be ignored. And what’s more, when stroke is smaller, better surface quality will be obtained.
Key words：DYNAFORM；numerical simulation；free bending；spring back
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收稿日期：2012－12－19
作者简介：韩兴丽（1988－），女，甘肃白银人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向是制造信息工程；曹中清（1967－），男，湖北荆州人，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，主要研究方向是成型过程的数值模拟、计算力学、制造信息工程。
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