考虑进风口风筒和双机影响的动车组轴流冷却风机噪声特性试验研究
冀怡名1，张淑敏1，刘清源1，圣小珍2，徐凡1，唐灵芝3
（1.西南交通大学 牵引动力国家重点实验室，四川 成都 610031；2.上海工程技术大学 城市轨道交通学院，上海 201620；3.湖南天雁机械有限责任公司，湖南 衡阳 421005）
摘要：为了明确某企业研发的一款动车组轴流冷却风机的噪声水平和特性，参照国标GB/T 3767－2016布置试验测点，对此轴流风机产生的噪声进行了现场试验，并基于风机试验数据进行了噪声特性分析。结果表明：此轴流风机噪声主要由宽频和离散噪声组成，前者的占比约为后者的1.8倍；动叶片的前三阶BPF在离散噪声中占据主导地位；进风口处的风筒主要降低高频段的噪声；单、双风机运行时的噪声差值主要体现在动叶片的前两阶BPF上；通过静压来控制风机噪声时，应保持静压在1030～1150 Pa之间；出风口噪声的贡献率约为进风口的两倍；机壳振动声辐射主要表现在低频段；新样机出风口测点的A计权声压级降低了2.23 dB(A)，在离散噪声中，动叶片的第一阶BPF噪声下降幅度最大。
关键词：声学；轴流风机；噪声试验；噪声源；频谱分析；振动声辐射
中图分类号：TH432.1 文献标志码：A doi：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2021.09.006
文章编号：1006-0316 (2021) 09-0035-09
Experimental Study on Noise Characteristics of Axial Cooling Fan for EMU Considering the Influence of Air Inlet Duct and Double Fans
JI Yiming1，ZHANG Shumin1，LIU Qingyuan1，SHENG Xiaozhen2，XU Fan1，TANG Lingzhi3
( 1.State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China;2.School of Urban Railway Transportation, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; 3.Hunan Tianyan Machinary Co., Ltd., Hengyang 421005, China )
Abstract：In order to clarify the noise level and characteristics of an axial cooling fan on multiple units developed by an enterprise, the measuring points are arranged according to the national standard GB/T 3767-2016 to test the noise produced by the axial flow fan and analyze the noise characteristics based on the test data of the fan. The results show that: the noise of the axial flow fan is mainly composed of broadband and discrete noise, the proportion of the former is about 1.8 times that of the latter; the first three order BPF of the moving blade is dominant in the discrete noise; the air duct at the inlet mainly reduces the noise of high frequency band; the noise difference between the single and double fans is mainly reflected in the first two order BPF of the moving blade; when the fan noise is controlled through the static pressure, the static pressure is expected to be kept between 1030 Pa and 1150 Pa; the contribution rate of the air outlet noise is about twice that of air inlet; the acoustic radiation of casing vibration mainly occurs in the low frequency band; the A-weighted sound pressure level at the outlet measuring point of the new fan decreases by 2.23 dB(A); the first-order BPF noise of the moving blade decreases the most among the discrete noises.
Key words：acoustics；axial flow fan；noise test；noise source；spectrum analysis；vibration sound radiation
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收稿日期：2021-01-15
基金项目：国家重点研发计划（2016YFE0205200）；国家自然科学基金（U1314201）
作者简介：冀怡名（1996－），男，山西晋中人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为轨道交通噪声振动控制，Email：354810343@qq.com。*通讯作者：圣小珍（1962－），男，江西永新人，博士，教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为振动噪声理论，Email：shengxiaozhen@hotmail.com。
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